《植物生理学报》 2017, 53(4): 657-667

LED补光对薄皮甜瓜幼苗生长及果实品质的影响

崔晓辉, 郭小鸥, 孙天宇, 齐红岩^*

沈阳农业大学园艺学院, 设施园艺省部共建教育部重点实验室, 环渤海湾地区设施蔬菜优质高效生产协同创新中心, 沈阳 110866

通信作者：齐红岩；E-mail: hyqiaaa@126.com

摘　要：

本文以薄皮甜瓜‘玉美人’为试材, 研究LED补光对薄皮甜瓜幼苗生长及果实品质的影响, 以期筛选出较优的补光光质。幼苗于三叶一心时开始补光, 共设5种光质(红光、蓝光、红蓝3:1、红蓝6:1、红蓝8:1)处理, 连续补光2周后测定其生长情况、壮苗指数及光合指标。果期在甜瓜花后10 d开始补光, 设3种光质(红、蓝、红蓝6:1)处理, 光照处理5、10、15和20 d后测定果实品质相关指标。结果显示, 红光下幼苗植株最高, 其次是红蓝6:1、8:1、3:1和蓝光; 蓝光及红蓝6:1处理下茎粗及叶面积最大, 其次是红蓝8:1、3:1和红光; 红蓝6:1处理的幼苗干重和鲜重及壮苗指数最大; 红蓝6:1及蓝光处理下叶绿素b含量最高, 而叶绿素a在各处理间无显著差异; 红蓝6:1处理下净光合速率及胞间CO₂浓度最大。果期同一补光时间内, 红蓝6:1处理的甜瓜果实糖和酯类物质含量高于红光及蓝光, 而其他物质无显著差异。这些结果表明, LED补光能促进甜瓜幼苗生长, 提高壮苗指数, 有效提高果实产量以及糖和香气物质的含量, 红蓝6:1是薄皮甜瓜最佳的补光光质。

关键词：LED补光; 光质; 薄皮甜瓜; 壮苗指数; 果实品质

收稿：2016-12-29   修定：2017-04-14

资助：现代农业产业技术体系国家西甜瓜产业技术体系(CARS-26)和辽宁省高校创新团队计划(LZ2015025)。

Effects of LED supplementary lighting on seedling growth and fruit quality of oriental melon

CUI Xiao-Hui, GUO Xiao-Ou, SUN Tian-Yu, QI Hong-Yan^*

College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Education Ministry and Liaoning Province/Collaborative Innovation Center of Protected Vegetable Suround Bohai Gulf Region, Shenyang 110866, China

Corresponding author: QI Hong-Yan; E-mail: hyqiaaa@126.com

Abstract:

The effects of LED supplementary lighting on seedling growth and fruit quality of oriental melon (Cucumis melo var. makuwa Makino) were conducted to select the optimal light quality with cultivar ‘Yumeiren’ as experimental material. The seedlings were light treated for 2 weeks under 5 kinds of light quality (red, blue, and the ratio of red and blue 3:1, 6:1 and 8:1) treatments at the three-leaf stage, then the growth, vigorous seedling index and photosynthetic indexes were determined. The melon fruit were treated at 10 days after anthesis for 5, 10, 15 and 20 days under 3 kinds of light quality (red, blue, and red and blue 6:1) treatments, respectively. And the quality indexes of fruit were measured at different days. The results showed that plant height of oriental melon seedling was the maximum under the red light treatment, and followed by red and blue 6:1, 8:1 and 3:1 and blue treatments. The stem diameter of blue light, and red and blue 6:1 treatments were the thickest and leaf area were the largest, and followed by red and blue 8:1 and 3:1, and red treatments. The fresh and dry weights and seedling index of oriental melon seedlings were the highest under red and blue 6:1 treatment. Meanwhile, the chlorophyll b content was the highest under the blue light, and red and blue 6:1 treatments but there was no significant difference in chlorophyll a content among different treatments. The net photosynthetic rate and intercellular CO₂ concentration reached the maximum under red and blue 6:1 treatment. What is more, the soluble sugar and ester content of red and blue 6:1 treatment were higher than those under red and blue light treatments at the same time in fruit, but no significant differences were found in other substances. Collectively, these results suggest that LED lighting can promote the seedling growth of oriental melon, and improve the fruit yield, and sugar and volatile compound contents, and the ratio of red and blue 6:1 light is the best light recipe for oriental melon.

Key words: LED supplementary lighting; light quality; oriental melon; vigorous seedling index; fruit quality